USA vs. De Hoyos-Garcia, (5th Cir. 2004)

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United States Court of Appeals

Fifth Circuit

F I L E D

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

February 18, 2004

FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT

Charles R. Fulbruge III

Clerk

No. 03-50878

Conference Calendar

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Plaintiff-Appellee,

versus

FERNANDO DE HOYOS-GARCIA, also known as Fernando

De-Hoves, also known as Victor Fernando De-Hoyos,

also known as Fernando Garcia, also known as Juan

Renteria, also known as Richard Castillo, also known

as Henry Garza, also known as Fernando Garza, also

known as Fernando Garcia-Hoyas, also known as

Fernando De Hoyos-Garcia,

Defendant-Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court

for the Western District of Texas

USDC No. SA-03-CR-130-ALL-FB

Before HIGGINBOTHAM, EMILIO M. GARZA, and PRADO, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:* Fernando De Hoyos-Garcia appeals the sentence imposed following his guilty plea conviction of being found in the United States after deportation/removal in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326. De Hoyos-Garcia contends that 8 U.S.C. § 1326(a) and 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b) define separate offenses. He argues that the prior conviction that resulted in his increased sentence is an element of a separate offense under 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b) that should have been alleged in his indictment. De Hoyos-Garcia maintains that he pleaded guilty to an indictment which charged only simple reentry under 8 U.S.C. § 1326(a). He argues that his sentence exceeds the two-year maximum term of imprisonment which may be imposed for that offense.

In Almendarez-Torres v. United States,523 U.S. 224, 235 (1998), the Supreme Court held that the enhanced penalties in 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b) are sentencing provisions, not elements of separate offenses. The Court further held that the sentencing provisions do not violate the Due Process Clause. Id. at 239-47.

De Hoyos-Garcia acknowledges that his argument is foreclosed by Almendarez-Torres, but asserts that the decision has been cast into doubt by Apprendi v. New Jersey,530 U.S. 466, 490 (2000).

He seeks to preserve his argument for further review.

Apprendi did not overrule Almendarez-Torres. See Apprendi, 530 U.S. at 489-90; United States v. Dabeit, 231 F.3d 979, 984 (5th Cir. 2000). This court must follow Almendarez-Torres "unless and until the Supreme Court itself determines to overrule it." Dabeit, 231 F.3d at 984 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

The Government has moved for a summary affirmance in lieu of filing an appellee's brief. In its motion, the Government asks that an appellee's brief not be required. The motion is GRANTED.

AFFIRMED; MOTION GRANTED.

* Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.

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