U.S. v. Navarrete-Carrillo, (10th Cir. 2002)

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UNITED

STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Respondent - Appellee,

v.

MIGUEL NAVARRETE-CARRILLO,

Petitioner - Appellant.

No.
name="1">01-8068

(D.C. No. 01-CV-29-B,

97-CR-106-B)

(D. Wyoming)

ORDER AND JUDGMENT
name="txt*">(*)

Before SEYMOUR, PORFILIO, and

BALDOCK, Circuit Judges.

After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined

unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of

this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is

therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.

Federal prisoner Miguel Navarrete-Carrillo, proceeding pro se, seeks to

appeal from the denial of his 28 U.S.C. § 2255 motion to vacate his sentence.

Mr. Navarrete-Carrillo pleaded guilty on January 30, 1998, to one count of

conspiring to possess with intent to distribute methamphetamine, in violation of

21 U.S.C. 846. He was sentenced to serve seventy-seven months in prison and

did not appeal from his conviction.

Over two years later, on February 16, 2001, Mr. Navarrete-Carrillo filed a

§ 2255 motion, contending for the first time that his plea was involuntary and he

would not have pleaded guilty if counsel had advised him that the government's

evidence was invalidly obtained by use of a wiretap or that under Apprendi v.

New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000), "quantity under 21 U.S.C. § 841 would have to

be proven beyond a reasonable doubt." R. Vol. 1, Doc. 1 at 5. The district court

denied his § 2255 motion as untimely filed. See § 2255(1) (providing

that

one-year period of limitation generally runs from the date the judgment of

conviction becomes final). The court also noted that "[n]either the Supreme Court

nor the Tenth Circuit . . . has applied Apprendi retroactively," R. Vol. 1, Doc. 7 at

2, foreclosing any tolling of the statute of limitations. See § 2255(3)

(providing

tolling of one-year statute of limitation when the right asserted was newly

recognized by the Supreme Court after appellant's conviction and made

retroactively applicable to cases on collateral review).

Mr. Navarrete-Carrillo must obtain a certificate of appealability (COA) by

making a "substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right." 28 U.S.C. 2253(c)(2). When, as here, the district court has dismissed the case on

procedural grounds without considering the underlying constitutional claim, the

appellant must demonstrate that "jurists of reason would find it debatable

whether the petition states a valid claim of the denial of a constitutional right and

that jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the district court was correct

in its procedural ruling." Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000).

Mr. Navarrete-Carrillo does not argue for a tolling of the limitations period,

and we have no reason to question the district court's holding that his § 2255

motion was barred by the applicable statute of limitations. Therefore, we

conclude that jurists of reason would not "find it debatable whether the district

court was correct in its procedural ruling." Id.

Further, if we were to reach the merits, the record demonstrates that

Mr. Navarrete-Carrillo's decision to plead guilty was based on the fact that his

co-conspirator "decided to plead [guilty] on that last day [before trial] and turned

State's evidence on [him]," and not on any alleged wiretap evidence the

government had obtained. Aplt. Br., App. A at 7 (Tr. of Sentencing Hr'g). In

addition, the indictment alleged that Mr. Navarrete-Carrillo "possessed with intent

to distribute and/or distributed at least six ounces of methamphetamine during the

course of the conspiracy," R. Supp'l Vol. 1, Doc. 15 at 2, and he conceded at his

sentencing hearing that "there were two instances in which [a witness] saw [him]

deliver three ounces." Aplt. Br., App. A at 7. Under these circumstances, even if

Apprendi applied retroactively, there would be no violation because Mr.

Navarrete-Carrillo pleaded guilty to conspiring to possess and distribute at least

six ounces of methamphetamine and the maximum sentence for that offense is

twenty years under § 841(b)(1)(C). See United States v. Wilson, 244 F.3d

1208,

1215 (10th Cir.) (noting that reversible Apprendi error arises only when drug

quantity causes sentence to exceed the statutory maximum), cert. denied, 533

U.S. 962 (2001); United States v. Thompson, 237 F.3d 1258, 1262 (10th Cir.)

(holding that, because neither § 841 nor § 846 require a specific quantity of drugs

as an element of the offense and the maximum sentence under these statutes was

twenty years, no Apprendi violation occurred where defendant sentenced to less

than twenty years), cert. denied, 532 U.S. 987 (2001).

Mr. Navarrete-Carrillo's request for a COA is DENIED and the case is

DISMISSED. His motion to proceed in forma pauperis in this court is

GRANTED. The mandate shall issue forthwith.

Entered for the Court

John C. Porfilio

Circuit Judge

FOOTNOTES

Click footnote number to return to corresponding location in the text.

*. This order and judgment is not binding

precedent, except under the

doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court

generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order

and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.

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